Why is Angela Merkel trying to defend her refugee agreement with Turkey? The fact that less migrants and refugees are now attempting to enter Europe through the Balkans does not result from the Merkel-Erdogan agreement. It is simply a consequence of Macedonia and Bulgaria blocking their borders.
Thanks to the Internet and the media, migrants have quickly understood that Greece has become a blind alley. Many must have realized that they are better off in Turkey where they can move freely and are allowed to find work than in Greece where they are confined to islands and locked up in camps.
Whenever Erdogan and his premier Davutoglu are boasting how effective their efforts are in blocking the migrants, they are simply free-riders of Macedonia. For obvious reasons, Merkel, too, is happy to maintain the myth that her deal with Turkey interrupted the influx of migrants.
So far, so good. Let Merkel and Erdogan be happy. Let their respective audiences believe that their deal effectively serves its purpose. For the Europeans it matters little who stopped the refugee and migrant avalanche and how. But that is not the end of the story.
It is getting ugly because Erdogan and Davutoglu have started blackmailing Europe. By threatening to stop their “collaboration” they insist on obtaining visa-free travel for Turkish citizens by June. Several countries are not happy with abolishing visas, apparently fearing the arrival of millions of poor Anatolian peasants. In all likelihood it is not poor Turks but persecuted and dislocated Kurds who would benefit from free travel to Europe. Apart from the fallout of the current civil war raging in southeastern Turkey it is mostly business people who would benefit from abolishing the painful and humiliating visa rigamarole.
Although there are good reasons to consider dropping the visa requirements, the way how Turkish politicians are trying to blackmail Europe is unacceptable. Turkey deserves to be given a tough answer: Europe cannot be blackmailed and the Merkel-Erdogan deal is not worth being kept at all cost. Forget Turkey. Greece and Turkey have concluded their own bilateral deal which allows the Greeks to return migrants not asking for or being uneligible for asylum in Greece. That should be enough. No need for Europe to deal with Turkey.
The focus is now on Libya and Egypt. That is where Europe needs to intervene to stem the flood of migrants from Africa desperately hoping to get out of their miserable situation waiting on the North African coast which is much more dangerous than the camp at Idomeni in Greece.
Heinrich von Loesch
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Quilliam is a counter-extremism think tank based in London focusing on Islamist radicalisation, extremism, terrorism, and how to counter these phenomena. Their work combines research, outreach, and advocacy. Their latest report decribes and analyzes the plight of children raised by Daesh to serve the caliphate as child soldiers. Germanpages.de -- Deutsche Rundschau is pleased to present the Executive Summary of this report.
The future of children born and raised in Islamic State (Daesh) is a pertinent and pressing problem, requiring the immediate attention of the international community.
There are currently 31,000 pregnant women within the ‘caliphate’ 1 . As many as 50 children from the United Kingdom are growing up on jihad in Islamic State, and no prior research examines what will happen to them if they choose to return.
This report attempts to fill this gap by addressing the reintegration, re-education, and rehabilitation challenges of returning or escaping children. Over the last six months, Quilliam researchers have archived, translated, and analysed propaganda released by Islamic State featuring children. This is the first database of its kind, and reveals the following:
The largest amount of Islamic State media featuring children relates to violence, comprising either of children directly participating in violence, or being exposed and normalised to violence. Islamic State’s wilayats in Iraq have released the most images showing children and teens in combat and acting as suicide bombers.
In the last six months, Islamic State propaganda depicts 12 child executioners, and one child participating in a public execution. The report highlights the following exclusive findings which pertain to the recruitment and training of child soldiers in the Islamic State:
Direct coercion into joining Islamic State generally occurs through abductions. However, Islamic State also engages in more indirect, systemic coercion where people, specifically children, are pressured to join the group out of fear.
Children can not only assist in meeting the present needs of the ‘caliphate’, but can continue to propagate its existence and expansion once they grow up, thus securing the long-term survival of the ‘caliphate’.
The current generation of fighters sees children as better and more lethal fighters than themselves. Rather than being converted into radical ideologies, children have been indoctrinated into extreme values from birth or at a young age.
Schools and the education system are central to shaping the hearts and minds of the next generation. The indoctrination that begins in schools intensifies in training camps, where children between the ages of 10 and 15 are instructed in shari’a, desensitised to violence, and are taught specific skills to best serve the state and take up the banner of jihad.
Boys learn a rigid Islamic State curriculum, where drawing, philosophy and social studies, the ‘methodology of atheism’, have been removed. Instead, children churn out memorised verses of the Qur’an and attend ‘Jihadi Training’, which includes Information obtained from an interview between Noman Benotman and a senior intelligence officer
From August 2015 until February 2016, Quilliam documented 254 instances where children have been used in Islamic State propaganda. These have been organised into the five categories: participation in violence, normalisation to violence, state building, utopia, and foreign policy grievances. Quilliam shooting, weaponry and martial arts. Girls, also known as the ‘pearls of the caliphate’, are veiled, hidden, confined to the home, and taught to look after husbands.
The prolonged exposure and desensitisation to violence that children experience affects their physical and psychological well-being, both in the short term and in the long term. Looking to the future, it is inevitable that these children will suffer from severe physical and mental trauma, as well as systematic extremist indoctrination. By coupling in-depth fieldwork with extensive research, Quilliam was able to discern not only what life for children within Islamic State is like, but the extent of the challenge of re-integration to come.
Based on our findings, the report proposes a thorough assessment process for children who return or escape from Islamic State. This procedure evaluates the extent of radicalisation of the child, their degree of agency in joining Islamic State, the trauma and abuse they have suffered, and the immediate and long-term needs for ensuring effective Disarmament, Demobilisation, Reintegration, and Rehabilitation DDR(R). The recommendations detail a multi-structural support network for monitoring a child’s progress.
Gianroberto Casaleggio, Mitgründer der italienischen Partei "Bewegung der Fünf Sterne" starb am 11. April 2016 mit 61 Jahren. Casaleggio galt als der Intellektuelle, der Vordenker der Bewegung des Ex-Komikers Beppe Grillo. Mit ihm verliert Italien einen Ideengeber, dessen politisches Testament künftigen Regierungen als Inspiration dienen könnte.
Quelle: Wikipedia
Wozu sind die Gewerkschaften und politischen Parteien da, was nutzen die Direktionskonferenzen, oder wozu dienen Führungskräfte? Was nutzen die Buchhandlungen, Metzgereien und Tabakkioske? Nichts, und in der Tat wird es sie bald nicht mehr geben. Es gibt nur noch wenige Krankenhäuser und Pharmafirmen, denn die umweltbedingten Krankheiten verschwinden. Die Welt, wie sie sich Gianroberto Casaleggio in "Veni vidi web" vorstellte (Eigenverlag), wird bestimmt von den Regeln des Internets. Schneller Zugang zum Web ist gratis und ein Menschenrecht. Palästina, Tibet und Kurdistan werden in die Vereinten Nationen aufgenommen.
Casaleggio betont in seinem kleinen Buch vor allem die positiven Aspekte des Webs und ist offenkundig von dem besessen, was Evgeny Morozov "Cyber-Utopismus" nennt. Der Mensch ist bei ihm in der Lage, eine Welt zu bauen, deren Zentrum der aktive Bürger ist, der stets richtig informiert und in der Lage ist, bewusst wählen zu können
Was Casaleggio geschrieben hat, ist nach Ansicht des Rappers Fedez ein "klares und nützliches Vademecum für das Internet und seine physiologischen, sozialen und politischen Aspekte". "Was Gianroberto zeigt, ist wie das Internet die Beziehungen zwischen den Menschen ändert und das Individuum in die Mitte von allem stellt", schreibt Fedez in seinem Vorwort.
Die Gesellschaft sollte ein gigantisches elektronisches Meeting darstellen, in dem die Mehrheit stets entscheidet. Niemand hat ein Veto-Recht. Ein Problem jedoch, das Casaleggio nicht anschneidet, ist der Mangel an Raum für abweichende Meinungen – was man an jenen Mitgliedern sieht, die von der Bewegung der Fünf Sterne wegen Abweichlertums ausgestossen wurden oder freiwillig gingen.
Casaleggio sagt: Öl und Kohle werden zusammen mit den Privatautos verboten. Öffentliche Verkehrsmittel sind kostenlos. Die Emission von CO2 wird mit Gefängnis bis zu dreissig Jahren bestraft. Taxis, Tabakläden, Metzgereien und Buchhandlungen sind verschwunden. Die größte Fabrik der Welt produziert Fahrräder und Rollschuhe (inline skates). Die Strände sind frei ... .Nach Casaleggios Prognose werden Supermärkte überall abgerissen. Das Essen produziert und verbraucht man steuerfrei in null Kilometer Umkreis. Die Baufirmen werden in Abriss-Unternehmen umgewandelt, deren Aufgabe es ist, Gebäude zu beseitigen und unnötige Infrastruktur zu zerstören. Immobilienspekulation ist verboten. Spanien schafft den Stierkampf ab.
Niemand darf bewegliche und feste Gegenstände im Wert von über 5 Millionen Euro besitzen. Jeder Euro darüber fällt an die Gemeinschaft. Wer sich dem entzieht, wird in Yogazentren von Neo-Maoisten umerzogen. Der Titel Führungskraft gilt als Beleidigung. Korruption wird wie eine ansteckende Krankheit behandelt. Korrumpierte und Korrumpierer werden in geeigneten Käfigen an den Ringstrassen der Städte ausgestellt. Die multinationalen Firmen werden verboten und aufgelöst. Schwere Arbeiten werden von Robotern verrichtet.
Casaleggios besondere Abneigung gilt den Vermittlern und Maklern, denn das Internet bietet die direkte Verbindung ohne Vermittlung. „Das Internet hat einen antikapitalistischen Charakter. Mit seiner Verbreitung steigt der Wert der Ideen und des Wissens und Gewissens, während der Wert des Geldes abnimmt“ schreibt Casaleggio. „Das Internet ändert die Politik, indem es eine Verbindung zwischen Politikern und Bürgern herstellt: die direkte Demokratie.“
Doch Casaleggio übt sich trotz aller kühnen Perspektiven in Bescheidenheit. „Nur wer Prognosen abgibt, kann sich irren. Gewährt mir deshalb die Möglichkeit, zu irren."
Für die Zukunft erwartet er das Entstehen einer neuen Art von Politiker: den „interaktiven Politiker“, dessen Aufgabe es ist, fortwährend die Wünsche der Bürger in Wirklichkeit umzusetzen. Dieser neue Politiker braucht nicht mehr von den Medien interpretiert zu werden, die deshalb ihre Bedeutung einbüssen. Der interaktive Führer, wenn er zur Zufriedenheit der Bürger arbeitet. wäre jedoch geschützt vor moralischer, ethischer oder ideologischer Kritik.
Casaleggio hat seine schöne, neue Welt nicht mehr erlebt. Erstmals hat eine Umfrage in Italien seine Grillini als stärkste Kraft vor der Demokratischen Partei des Premiers Matteo Renzi gezeigt. Eine sehr italienische Ehrung wurde Casaleggio posthum zuteil: Parteichef Luigi di Maio beförderte Casaleggios Sohn Davide zum Nachfolger des Vaters und interaktiven Führer.
For Muslims, the Prophet Mohammad is the beacon of mercy, the sparkle of compassion, the spring of wisdom and the perfect guide in their journey towards God.
Ironically, the fanatics and extremists right now have reduced the prophetic example to a set of rituals, crooked projections and warped logic that runs counter to the true essence and mission of the Prophet.
They have reduced Islam to slitting throats, burning schools, oppressing women, killing religious minorities, terrorizing and violating the human rights of people in the most blatant manner possible.
They ignore the Prophet’s example which is extremely well documented and indisputable. They fail to comprehend that faith is ultimately geared towards cultivating a relationship with God and that cannot be complete unless humans adopt the Divine attributes of mercy, compassion and kindness and treat their fellow human beings accordingly.
It goes without saying that violence of any sort, whether inspired by religious sentiment or vested interests, must be condemned unequivocally and in the strongest terms possible.
This is in keeping with the best of Muslim tradition, which abhors sectarian rife, inter-ethnic conflict, and inter-religious violence. This lesson is best contained in the example of the Prophet Muhammad himself, who was repeatedly subjected to the worst treatment by his enemies, only to consistently disregard these insults and instead take the path of forgiveness, mercy and compassion.
This is why he is known to Muslims as “the Mercy to all worlds.” Indeed, this example is most succinctly summarized in the Qur’an itself, which instructs believers as follows: “The good deed and the evil deed are not alike. Repel the evil deed with one which is better.”
The world is sorely in need of such lessons, which represent the authentic teachings of the Qur’an and the Prophet of Islam. It is important to separate these noble messages from those that are bandied about by those who have no competencies in religious interpretation, Qur’anic hermeneutics or the history of Islamic thought.
Unfortunately, the current state of the Muslim world is such that institutions and structures of legitimate authority have been challenged to such an extent that inflammatory rhetoric has taken the place of thoughtful analysis as a motivator of action and a guide for religious sentiment.
We are today in desperate need of serious religious leaders who engage the reality of the modern world – complete with its challenges and difficulties – in order to create an environment in which people can coexist. This must be a joint effort from members of all faith groups and cultures.
A necessary part of any such effort must be a sincere desire to understand what is behind the Muslims’ reverence for the Prophet. For more than 1.5 billion Muslims around the world, the Prophet Muhammad is their ultimate example. He is their reference point and, as the Qur’an explains, “dearer to them than their own selves.”
Prophets are the means, in the Islamic worldview, through which people have been taught about God. This is no less true for the succession of Prophets that preceded Islam – including Abraham, Moses and Jesus – than it is for the Prophet Muhammad himself. They are revered teachers who taught us the very nature of reality, the purpose of our existence, and how to connect with God Himself.
As a result, Muslims strive to emulate the example of the Prophet in every aspect of their lives. They seek to inculcate the values in a deep and profound manner. These include, among other things, the ability to confront evil provocations with patience, tolerance and mercy. These are, for Muslims, spiritual values of the utmost importance, and they are best exemplified in the life of the Prophet Muhammad himself.
A famous story from his life is known to Muslims around the world. One of his enemies was a woman who lived above a street he used to pass daily, and would litter the streets with garbage as he walked past. One morning, when the Prophet was walking by, he noticed no such provocation. His response to this sudden reprieve was to ask after the woman’s health, concerned that she had strayed from her daily routine, as painful as it might have been for himself. The stories of the Prophet’s praying for his enemies, and exhibiting enormous steadfastness in the face of insults and provocations, are legion in Islamic literature.
This should be the Muslim ideal, there is no doubt. Unfortunately, it is not possible that everyone can live up to the ideal. What is clear is that most Muslim people’s attachment to the personage of the Prophet is undiminished, even when they are unable for their own reasons to live up to the lessons he has taught.
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For many observers, Karabakh might be a type of oriental rug, highly prized especially in France as an alternative to antique Savonnerie rugs. Nagorno-Karabakh is a landlocked region in the southern Caucasus, surrounded by Azerbaijan. The Nagorno-Karabakh Republic is a de facto independent nation. Its population is Armenian. After a war between Armenia and Azerbaijan from 1992-94, a truce was agreed and it held until early this year. Fighting raged until a ceasefire was agreed on April 5. However, both sides continue trading hundreds of shells a day across the border. The situation continues to be tense; fighting could erupt again at any time.
The enmity that has been building between Turkey and Russia is spilling over into the Karabakh conflict.
Heavy fighting in Karabakh between Armenian and Azerbaijani forces on April 2-5 marked the bloodiest point of the decades-long conflict since 1994. A two-day-long ceasefire appeared at risk of collapsing on April 7, as both sides accused the other of violations.
The Karabakh conflict now threatens to turn into a proxy fight between two regional powers – Turkey and Russia. Bilateral relations between the two states went into a tailspin last November, when the Turkish military shot down a Russian jet on a mission in Syria. Ankara has rankled Moscow with clear-cut statements of support for Azerbaijan, a country with which Turkey has close linguistic and cultural connections.
“We are today standing side-by-side with our brothers in Azerbaijan,” Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan told an Ankara audience on April 4, “but this persecution will not continue forever. Karabakh will one day return to its original owner. It will be Azerbaijan’s.”
Taking his cue from the president, Turkish Prime Minister Ahmet Davutoğlu chimed in the next day that “Turkey will stand shoulder-to-shoulder with Azerbaijan until doomsday against Armenia’s aggression and occupation.”
Turkish analysts say the Karabakh conflict has captured public attention. “The fighting [in Karabakh] has touched a very sensitive chord in Turkish hearts,” noted Murat Bilhan, a former Turkish ambassador and deputy chairperson of the Ankara-based, government-friendly Turkish Asian Center for Strategic Studies. “Whether [the Azerbaijanis] are right or wrong, they are supported.” Statements of solidarity with Azerbaijan also may have a domestic political purpose for Erdoğan and his administration, some political analysts contend. By stirring up patriotic, pan-Turkic feelings at home, Erdoğan may be hoping to attract nationalist support for his own attempt to push through constitutional amendments that would enhance his presidential powers. “The Turkish president is using everything to cajole the nationalist voters and every occasion to use and abuse this nationalist sentiment,” argued political scientist Cengiz Aktar of Istanbul’s Süleyman Şah University.
Erdoğan earlier took aim at international mediators – Russia, the United States and France – tasked with overseeing peace talks on Karabakh under the auspices of the OSCE’s Minsk Group. The Turkish president asserted that “if the Minsk Group had taken fair and decisive steps” to resolve the conflict, the outbreak of violence that day [April 2], the worst since the 1994 ceasefire, would not have occurred.
Some observers have interpreted his words as a disavowal of diplomacy.
Sinan Ülgen, a visiting specialist on Turkish foreign policy at the Carnegie Europe think-tank in Brussels, underlined that Erdoğan’s words are indicative of a potential policy shift, and “certainly point to a different, a more activist direction that Turkey is willing to [take].”
The government’s choice of words also is a matter of concern for political scientist Aktar. “The entire international community is calling on all sides to stop the fighting, whereas Turkey is [the] only country which openly call[s] … [on] Armenia to stop fighting and declares to the entire world that it is behind Azerbaijan, and this is very unusual and very worrisome.”
The rhetoric of Turkish officials has grabbed the attention of Armenian and Russian media, which contend that Turkey is intervening on Azerbaijan’s side, and thus complicating efforts to bring a halt to the fighting.
Government-linked or financed Russian media have launched a broad-based smear campaign against Turkey. The Sputnik news service regularly reposts claims from Armenian politicians and officials that cast Turkey as a regional troublemaker. “Syria is not the only place where the Turkish government keeps putting spokes into others’ wheels,” one article observed.
Other Russian outlets have not hesitated to spread unsubstantiated rumors. For example, citing an unnamed “military source,” LifeNews TV, an outlet allegedly close to the Russian security services, reported on April 4 that “between 50 and 60” Azerbaijani ISIS fighters were traveling back home from Syria via Turkey to join the Karabakh fight.
Russia’s media strategy underscores the Kremlin’s sensitivity to Turkey’s perceived efforts to encroach geopolitically in the Caucasus.
Until now, Russia has sought to maintain a relative balance in its relations with Armenia and Azerbaijan. While Russia is widely considered to be Armenia’s strategic ally in the Caucasus, the Kremlin has tried to maintain “parity” in recent years in its arms sales to Yerevan and Baku. The question at this stage that some experts are asking is: if heavy fighting erupts again, will Russia start siding more clearly with Armenia to counter Turkish support for Azerbaijan?
Regardless of whether Karabakh developments in the coming weeks start pushing Russia toward Armenia, the renewed fighting in the contested enclave seems sure to complicate efforts to bring about a thaw in Turkish-Russian relations.
Bilhan, the retired ambassador, expressed hope that existing tension could be set aside soon. “These countries need one another, be it in trade, energy. I don't see how they will deny one another these benefits,” he said.
Others are not optimistic that reason can prevail any time soon.
“The few signs of normalization between Turkey and Russia are just weak signs,” cautioned Ülgen. “There is no reason to expect normalization will happen anytime soon, given that acrimony has become quite personal between Erdoğan and Putin.”
Dorian Jones -- Originally published byEurasaNet.org
